LCA IN ROBOTICS, NEW CHALLENGES FOR THE FUTURE
Résumé
The rise of robotics in the 21st century has changed intensely our relationship with the environment, by affecting the consumption of natural resources and inducing new waste. Nowadays, robots are produced in huge numbers, reaching fleets expressed in millions. Thus, environmental awareness and concerns, in the field of robotics, are critical to incite manufacturers to develop more eco-friendly robots. At this level, the life cycle analysis (LCA) is a useful tool to improve the environmental qualities of robot's components and reduce their impacts. However, LCA in robotics is expensive and complex, because it requires the availability of big amount of data in good quality, all over the life cycle, and hence, implicates all the socio-economical actors who intervene, from the extraction of the raw materials to the end of life of the product. It is also fastidious because it must take into account the impacts generated by the mechanical and electronic components with the data-streams processed by the software platform, which plays a main role in the definition of the hardware impacts and its utilization. In this article, we present in the first part, the results of an investigation performed on 33 French leading robots companies. They have been asked about their environmental considerations and their use of LCA. In the second part, we introduce a case study of a life cycle analysis done on a companion robot. This last was built in the Lab-STICC Laboratory as a solution to help dependant people and assist them in their daily life. The results are discussed and potential improvements are suggested for future works.
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