M. Arhan, H. Mercier, and Y. H. Park, On the deep water circulation of the eastern south Atlantic ocean, Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers, pp.889-91610, 2003.

M. Arhan, S. Speich, C. Messager, G. Dencausse, R. A. Fine et al., Anticyclonic and cyclonic eddies of subtropical origin in the subantarctic zone south of Africa, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.19, issue.5, pp.10-1029, 2011.
DOI : 10.1029/2011JC007140
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00669706

K. R. Arrigo, D. H. Robinson, D. L. Worthen, R. B. Dunbar, G. R. Di-tullio et al., Phytoplankton Community Structure and the Drawdown of Nutrients and CO2 in the Southern Ocean, Phytoplankton community structure and the drawdown of nutrients and CO 2 in the Southern Ocean, pp.365-367, 1999.
DOI : 10.1126/science.283.5400.365

S. Baker-yeboah, G. R. Flierl, G. G. Sutyrin, and Y. Zhang, Transformation of an Agulhas eddy near the continental slope, Ocean Sci, pp.143-15910, 2010.

K. Banse, Rates of phytoplankton cell division in the field and in iron enrichment experiments, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.36, issue.8, pp.1886-1898, 1991.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.1991.36.8.1886

U. V. Bathmann, Ecology and biogeochemistry in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean during austral spring: the first JGOFS expedition aboard RV `Polarstern', Journal of Marine Systems, vol.17, issue.1-4, pp.77-85, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0924-7963(98)00030-X

U. V. Bathmann, R. Scharek, C. Klaas, C. D. Dubischar, and V. Smetacek, Spring development of phytoplankton biomass and composition in major water masses of the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, Deep-Sea Res, pp.51-67, 1997.

B. Beker and M. Boye, Phytoplankton assemblages in the Southern Ocean during the International Polar Year. Ocean Sciences Meeting, pp.22-26, 2010.

I. M. Belkin and A. L. Gordon, Southern Ocean fronts from the Greenwich meridian to Tasmania, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol.18, issue.26, pp.3675-3696, 1996.
DOI : 10.1029/95JC02750

J. Bown, M. Boye, A. Baker, E. Duvieilbourg, F. Lacan et al., The biogeochemical cycle of dissolved cobalt in the Atlantic and the Southern Ocean south off the coast of South Africa, Marine Chemistry, vol.126, issue.1-4, pp.193-206, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.marchem.2011.03.008
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00635702

P. W. Boyd, K. R. Arrigo, R. Strzepek, and G. L. Van-dijken, Mapping phytoplankton iron utilization: Insights into Southern Ocean supply mechanisms, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol.38, issue.4, pp.10-1029, 2012.
DOI : 10.1029/2011GL047946

M. Boye, C. M. Van-den-berg, J. T. De-jong, H. Leach, P. Croot et al., Organic complexation of iron in the Southern Ocean, Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, vol.48, issue.6, pp.1477-1497, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0967-0637(00)00099-6

P. Branellec, M. Arhan, S. Speich, . Ops, and . Lpo, Projet GoodHope, campagne BONUS-GoodHope, pp.10-12, 2010.

M. A. Brzezinski, THE Si:C:N RATIO OF MARINE DIATOMS: INTERSPECIFIC VARIABILITY AND THE EFFECT OF SOME ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES1, Journal of Phycology, vol.15, issue.3, pp.347-357, 1985.
DOI : 10.1111/j.0022-3646.1985.00347.x

A. G. Buma, H. J. Debaar, R. F. Nolting, and A. J. Vanbennekom, Metal enrichment experiments in the Weddell-Scotia Seas: Effects of iron and manganese on various plankton communities, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.36, issue.8, pp.1865-1878, 1991.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.1991.36.8.1865

K. Caldeira and P. B. Duffy, The Role of the Southern Ocean in Uptake and Storage of Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide, Science, vol.287, issue.5453, pp.620-622, 2000.
DOI : 10.1126/science.287.5453.620

F. Chever, E. Bucciarelli, G. Sarthou, S. Speich, M. Arhan et al., Physical speciation of iron in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean along a transect from the subtropical domain to the Weddell Sea Gyre, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.293, issue.C6, pp.1005910-1029, 2010.
DOI : 10.1029/2009JC005880
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00588791

H. J. De-baar, M. A. Vanleeuwe, R. Scharek, L. Goeyens, K. M. Bakker et al., Nutrient anomalies in Fragilariopsis kerguelensis blooms, iron deficiency and the nitrate/phosphate ratio (a.c. Redfield) of the Antarctic Ocean, Deep-Sea Res, pp.229-260, 1997.

C. L. De-la-rocha, D. A. Hutchins, M. A. Brzezinski, and Y. H. Zhang, Effects of iron and zinc deficiency on elemental composition and silica production by diatoms, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.195, pp.71-79, 2000.
DOI : 10.3354/meps195071
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00660840

D. J. Demaster, The supply and accumulation of silica in the marine environment, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.45, issue.10, pp.1715-1732, 1981.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(81)90006-5

D. J. Demaster, D. C. Brewster, B. A. Mckee, and C. A. Nittrouer, Rates of particle scavenging, sediment reworking, and longitudinal ripple formation at the HEBBLE site based on measurements of 234Th and 210Pb, Marine Geology, vol.99, issue.3-4, pp.423-444, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0025-3227(91)90054-8

V. M. Franck, M. A. Brzezinski, K. H. Coale, N. , and D. M. , Iron and silicate concentrations regulate Si uptake north and south of the Polar Frontal Zone in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean, Deep-Sea Res, pp.3315-3338, 2000.

F. Fripiat, A. Cavagna, F. Dehairs, S. Speich, L. André et al., Silicon pool dynamics and biogenic silica export in the Southern Ocean inferred from Si-isotopes, Ocean Sci, pp.533-54710, 2011.

B. W. Frost, Phytoplankton bloom on iron rations, Nature, vol.383, issue.6600, pp.475-476, 1996.
DOI : 10.1038/383475a0

S. Gladyshev, M. Arhan, A. Sokov, and S. Speich, A hydrographic section from south Africa to the southern limit of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current at the Greenwich meridian, Deep- Sea Res, Pt. I, vol.55, pp.1284-1303, 2008.

A. L. Gordon, R. F. Weiss, W. M. Smethie, and M. J. Warner, Thermocline and intermediate water communication between the south Atlantic and Indian oceans, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.92, issue.C6, pp.7223-7240, 1992.
DOI : 10.1029/92JC00485

T. Y. Ho, A. Quigg, Z. V. Finkel, A. J. Milligan, K. Wyman et al., THE ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF SOME MARINE PHYTOPLANKTON1, Journal of Phycology, vol.39, issue.6, pp.1145-1159, 2003.
DOI : 10.1111/j.0022-3646.2003.03-090.x

M. Hoppema, R. Middag, H. J. De-baar, E. Fahrbach, E. M. Van-weerlee et al., Whole season net community production in the Weddell Sea, Polar Biology, vol.35, issue.1, pp.101-111, 2007.
DOI : 10.1007/s00300-007-0336-5

W. R. Joubert, S. J. Thomalla, H. N. Waldron, M. I. Lucas, M. Boye et al., Nitrogen uptake by phytoplankton in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean during late austral summer, Biogeosciences, vol.85194, pp.2947-295910, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00641423

M. B. Klunder, P. Laan, R. Middag, H. J. De-baar, and J. C. Van-ooijen, Dissolved Fe in the Southern Ocean (Atlantic sector), Deep-Sea Res, Pt. II, vol.58, pp.2678-2694, 2011.

F. F. Koroleff and . Le-moigne, Direct determination of ammonia in natural water as indophenol blue, Information on Techniques and Methods for the, Biogeochemical features of the Southern Ocean during IPY Seawater Analysis, 1969.

D. Lannuzel, V. Schoemann, J. De-jong, L. Chou, B. Delille et al., Iron study during a time series in the western Weddell pack ice, Marine Chemistry, vol.108, issue.1-2, pp.85-95, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.marchem.2007.10.006

L. Corre, P. Minas, and H. J. , Distribution etévolutionet´etévolution desélémentsdes´deséléments nutritifs dans le secteur indien de l'Océan Antarctique en fin de période estivale, Oceanol. Acta, vol.6, pp.365-381, 1983.

A. R. Longhurst, Large marine ecosystems, Marine Policy, vol.15, issue.5, pp.377-378, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0308-597X(91)90097-U

A. Lorrain, N. Savoye, L. Chauvaud, Y. M. Paulet, and N. Naulet, Decarbonation and preservation method for the analysis of organic C and N contents and stable isotope ratios of low-carbonated suspended particulate material, Analytica Chimica Acta, vol.491, issue.2, pp.125-13310, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0003-2670(03)00815-8
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00452450

B. M. Löscher, Relationships among Ni, Cu, Zn, and major nutrients in the Southern Ocean, Marine Chemistry, vol.67, issue.1-2, pp.67-102, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-4203(99)00050-X

J. R. Lutjeharms and R. C. Vanballegooyen, The Retroflection of the Agulhas Current, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.18, issue.11, pp.1570-1583, 1988.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1988)018<1570:TROTAC>2.0.CO;2

J. R. Lutjeharms, O. Boebel, R. , and H. T. , Agulhas cyclones , Deep-Sea Res, pp.13-34, 2003.

I. Marinov, A. Gnanadesikan, J. R. Toggweiler, and J. L. Sarmiento, The Southern Ocean biogeochemical divide, Nature, vol.31, issue.7096, pp.964-96710, 2006.
DOI : 10.1038/nature04883

J. H. Martin, change: The Iron Hypothesis, Paleoceanography, vol.31, issue.1, pp.1-13, 1990.
DOI : 10.1029/PA005i001p00001

M. S. Mccartney, Subantarctic Mode Water, EOS T. Am. Geophys. UN, vol.56, pp.1011-1011, 1975.

R. Mohan, L. P. Mergulhao, M. V. Guptha, A. Rajakurnar, M. Thamban et al., Ecology of coccolithophores in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean, Marine Micropaleontology, vol.67, issue.1-2, pp.30-45, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.marmicro.2007.08.005

J. Murphy and J. P. Riley, A modified single solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters, Analytica Chimica Acta, vol.27, pp.31-36, 1962.
DOI : 10.1016/S0003-2670(00)88444-5

Y. Natori, A. Haneda, and Y. Suzuki, Vertical and seasonal differences in biogenic silica dissolution in natural seawater in Suruga Bay, Japan: Effects of temperature and organic matter, Marine Chemistry, vol.102, issue.3-4, pp.230-241, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.marchem.2006.04.007

D. M. Nelson and W. O. Smith, Sverdrup revisited: Critical depths, maximum chlorophyll levels, and the control of Southern Ocean productivity by the irradiance-mixing regime, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.36, issue.8, pp.1650-1661, 1991.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.1991.36.8.1650

D. M. Nelson, R. F. Anderson, R. T. Barber, M. A. Brzezinski, K. O. Buesseler et al., Vertical budgets for organic carbon and biogenic silica in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean, 1996???1998, Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, vol.49, issue.9-10, pp.1645-1674, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00005-X

A. H. Orsi, T. Whitworth, and W. D. Nowlin, On the meridional extent and fronts of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, Deep-Sea Res, Pt. I, vol.42, pp.641-673, 1995.

F. Partensky, W. R. Hess, and D. Vaulot, Prochlorococcus, a marine photosynthetic prokaryote of global significance, Microbiol. Molecular Biol. Rev, vol.63, pp.106-127, 1999.

A. R. Piola and A. L. Gordon, Intermediate waters in the southwest South Atlantic, Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers, vol.36, issue.1, pp.1-16, 1989.
DOI : 10.1016/0198-0149(89)90015-0

F. Planchon, A. Cavagna, D. Cardinal, L. André, and F. Dehairs, Late summer particulate organic carbon export and twilight zone remineralisation in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, Biogeosciences Discuss, vol.95194, pp.3423-347710, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01138246

R. T. Pollard, M. I. Lucas, and J. F. Read, Physical controls on biogeochemical zonation in the Southern Ocean, Deep-Sea Res, Pt. II, vol.49, pp.3289-3305, 2002.

P. Pondaven, O. Ragueneau, P. Tréguer, A. Hauvespre, L. Dezileau et al., Resolving the ???opal paradox??? in the Southern Ocean, Nature, vol.405, issue.6783, pp.405-168, 2000.
DOI : 10.1038/35012046

B. Quéguiner, P. Tréguer, I. Peeken, and R. Scharek, Biogeochemical dynamics and the silicon cycle in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean during austral spring 1992, Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, vol.44, issue.1-2, pp.69-89, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/S0967-0645(96)00066-5

O. Ragueneau, N. Dittert, P. Pondaven, P. Tréguer, C. et al., Si/C decoupling in the world ocean: Is the Southern Ocean different?, Deep-Sea Res, Pt. II, vol.49, pp.3127-3154, 2002.

O. Ragueneau, N. Savoye, Y. Del-amo, J. Cotten, B. Tardiveau et al., A new method for the measurement of biogenic silica in suspended matter of coastal waters: using Si:Al ratios to correct for the mineral interference, Continental Shelf Research, vol.25, issue.5-6, pp.697-710, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.csr.2004.09.017
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00112932

J. L. Sarmiento and J. R. Toggweiler, A new model for the role of the oceans in determining atmospheric PCO2, Nature, vol.85, issue.5960, pp.621-624, 1984.
DOI : 10.1038/308621a0

J. L. Sarmiento, N. Gruber, M. A. Brzezinski, and J. P. Dunne, High-latitude controls of thermocline nutrients and low latitude biological productivity, Nature, vol.427, issue.6969, pp.56-6010, 2004.
DOI : 10.1038/nature02127

R. Schlitzer, K. L. Smith, B. H. Robison, J. J. Helly, R. S. Kaufmann et al., Free-drifting icebergs: Hot spots of chemical and biological enrichment in the Weddell Sea, Science, pp.317-478, 2007.

J. D. Strickland and T. R. Parsons, A practical handbook of seawater analysis, Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 1972.

R. F. Strzepek, M. T. Maldonado, K. A. Hunter, R. D. Frew, and P. W. Boyd, Adaptive stratefies by Southern Ocean phytoplankton to lessen iron limitation: Uptake of organically complexed iron and reduced cellular iron requirments, Limnol. Oceanogr, vol.56, 1983.

K. R. Timmermans, L. J. Gerringa, H. J. De-baar, B. Van-der-wagt, M. J. Veldhuis et al., Growth rates of large and small Southern Ocean diatoms in relation to availability o iron in natural seawater, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.46, issue.2, pp.260-266, 2001.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.2001.46.2.0260

K. R. Timmermans, B. Van-der-wagt, and H. J. De-baar, Growth rates, half-saturation constants, and silicate, nitrate, and phosphate depletion in relation to iron availability of four large, open-ocean diatoms from the Southern Ocean, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.49, issue.6, pp.2141-2151, 2004.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.2004.49.6.2141

K. R. Timmermans, B. Van-der-wagt, M. J. Veldhuis, A. Maatman, and H. J. De-baar, Physiological responses of three species of marine pico-phytoplankton to ammonium, phosphate, iron and light limitation, Journal of Sea Research, vol.53, issue.1-2, pp.109-120, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.seares.2004.05.003

P. Tréguer, L. Corre, and P. , The ratios of nitrate, phosphate, and silicate during uptake and regeneration phases of the Moroccan upwelling regime, Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers, vol.26, issue.2, pp.163-184, 1979.
DOI : 10.1016/0198-0149(79)90074-8

P. Tréguer and G. Jacques, Review Dynamics of nutrients and phytoplankton, and fluxes of carbon, nitrogen and silicon in the Antarctic Ocean, Polar Biol, vol.12, pp.149-162, 1992.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-642-77595-6_17

S. Wilhelm, Ecology of iron-limited cyanobacteria: a review of physiological responses and implications for aquatic systems, Aquatic Microbial Ecology, vol.9, pp.295-303, 1995.
DOI : 10.3354/ame009295

T. Whitworth and W. D. Nowlin, Water masses and currents of the Southern Ocean at the Greenwich Meridian, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.17, issue.26, pp.6462-6476, 1987.
DOI : 10.1029/JC092iC06p06462

A. Yool, A. P. Martin, C. Fernandez, C. , and D. R. , The significance of nitrification for oceanic new production, Nature, vol.38, issue.7147, pp.999-100210, 2007.
DOI : 10.1038/nature05885

Y. Zhang, N. Z. Jiao, H. , and N. , Comparative study of picoplankton biomass and community structure in different provinces from subarctic to subtropical oceans, Deep-Sea Res, Pt. II, vol.55, pp.1605-1614, 2008.