Among the many factors likely to favour the occurrence of venous thromboembolism (VTE), exposure to certain drugs has to be taken into account. Although hormone treatments, oral contraception and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for menopause have been studied, these are not the only drugs associated with an increased risk of VTE. The antipsychotics have also been incriminated in the occurrence of venous thromboembolism. The association of thalidomide and dexamethasone, used in the treatment of multiple myeloma, is responsible for a major increase in the risk of VTE. The physiopathological mechanisms accounting for the possible prothrombotic effect of most of these drugs is still not fully understood. Further observational and interventional clinical studies should provide a better understanding of VTE, potentially associated with drugs. However, certain drugs may be associated with a reduced risk of VTE. Although several studies indicate that aspirin and statins may favourably influence the risk of VTE, it is still not possible to draw up any practical recommendations.