J. D. Andrew and W. G. Hewatt, Oyster Mortality Studies in Virginia. II. The Fungus Disease Caused by Dermocystidium marinum in Oysters of Chesapeake Bay, Ecological Monographs, vol.27, issue.1, pp.1-25, 1957.
DOI : 10.2307/1948568

S. Auzoux-bordenave, A. M. Vigario, F. Ruano, I. Domart-coulon, and D. Doumenc, In vitro sporulation of the clam pathogen Perkinsus atlanticus (Apicomplexa, Perkinsea) under various environmental conditions, J. Shellfish Res, vol.14, pp.469-475, 1995.

G. Bachelet, B. Simon-bouhet, C. Desclaux, P. Garcia-meunier, G. Mairesse et al., Invasion of the eastern Bay of Biscay by the nassariid gastropod Cyclope neritea: origin and effects on resident fauna, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.276, pp.147-159, 2004.
DOI : 10.3354/meps276147

P. Bartoli, Démographie et phénomène de compétition intraspécifique des Gymnophallidae Morozov chez les deuxièmes hôtes intermédiaires (Trematoda, Digenea), Ann. Parasitol, vol.56, pp.33-44, 1981.

E. A. Bowers, P. Bartoli, F. Russel-pinto, and B. L. James, The metacercariae of sibling species of Meiogymnophallus , including M. rebecqui comb. nov. (Digenea: Gymnophallidae), and their effects on closely related Cerastoderma host species (Mollusca: Bivalvia), Parasitology Research, vol.82, issue.6, pp.505-510, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/s004360050153

G. Calvo-ugarteburu and C. D. Mcquaid, Parasitism and introduced species: epidemiology of trematodes in the intertidal mussels Perna perna and Mytilus galloprovincialis, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, vol.220, issue.1, pp.47-65, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-0981(97)00083-X

G. Calvo-ugarteburu and C. D. Mcquaid, Parasitism and invasive species:effects of digenetic trematodes on mussels, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.169, pp.149-163, 1998.
DOI : 10.3354/meps169149

S. M. Casas, Estudio de la perkinsosis en la almeja fina Tapes decussatus (Linnaeus, 1758), de Galicia, 2002.

K. S. Choi, E. A. Wilson, D. H. Lewis, E. N. Powell, and S. M. Ray, The energetic cost of Perkinsus marinus parasitism in oysters: quantification of the thioglycollate method, J. Shellfish Res, vol.8, pp.125-131, 1989.

X. De-montaudouin, I. Kisielewski, G. Bachelet, and C. Desclaux, A census of macroparasites in an intertidal bivalve community, Arcachon Bay, France, Oceanologica Acta, vol.23, issue.4, pp.453-468, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0399-1784(00)00138-9

C. Desclaux, Interactions hôtes-parasites: diversité, mécanismes d'infestation et impact des trématodes digènes sur les coques Cerastoderma edule (mollusque bivalve) en milieu lagunaire macrotidal, Thèse de Doctorat, 2003.

C. Desclaux, X. De-montaudouin, and G. Bachelet, Cockle emergence at the sediment surface: 'favourization' mechanism by digenean parasites?, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.52, pp.137-149, 2002.
DOI : 10.3354/dao052137

C. Desclaux, F. Russell-pinto, X. De-montaudouin, and G. Bachelet, FIRST RECORD AND DESCRIPTION OF METACERCARIAE OF CURTUTERIA ARGUINAE N. SP. (DIGENEA: ECHINOSTOMATIDAE), PARASITE OF COCKLES CERASTODERMA EDULE (MOLLUSCA: BIVALVIA) IN ARCACHON BAY, FRANCE, Digenea: Echinostomatidae), parasite of cockles Cerastorderma edule (Mollusca: Bivalvia) in Arcachon, pp.578-587, 2006.
DOI : 10.1645/GE-3512.1

L. C. Drummond, S. Balboa, R. Beaz, M. F. Mulcahy, J. L. Barja et al., The susceptibility of Irishgrown and Galician-grown Manila clams, Ruditapes philippinarum , to Vibrio tapetis and Brown Ring Disease, J. Invertebr. Pathol, 2007.

L. C. Drummond, P. O-'reilly, M. F. Mulcahy, and S. C. Culloty, Comparison of techniques for diagnosis of Brown Ring Disease and detection of Vibrio tapetis in the Manila clam, Venerupis (Ruditapes) philippinarum, J. Shellfish Res, vol.25, pp.1043-1049, 2006.

C. F. Dungan and R. M. Hamilton, Use of a Tetrazolium-based Cell Proliferation Assay to Measure Effects of In Vitro Conditions on Perkinsus marinus (Apicomplexa) Proliferation, The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, vol.12, issue.4, pp.379-388, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-2011(67)90009-2

J. P. Flasch and Y. Leborgne, Introduction in Europe, from 1972 to 1980, of the manila clam (Tapes philippinarum) and effects on aquaculture production and natural settlement, ICES J. Mar. Sci, vol.194, pp.92-96, 1992.

B. L. Fredensborg, K. N. Mouritsen, and R. Poulin, Intensity-dependent mortality of Paracalliope novizealandiae (Amphipoda: Crustacea) infected by a trematode: experimental infections and field observations, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, vol.311, issue.2, pp.253-265, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jembe.2004.05.011

B. L. Fredensborg and R. Poulin, Larval helminths in intermediate hosts: Does competition early in life determine the fitness of adult parasites?, International Journal for Parasitology, vol.35, issue.10, pp.1061-1070, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijpara.2005.05.005

K. T. Jensen, N. F. Castro, and G. Bachelet, Infectivity of Himasthla spp. (Trematoda) in cockle (Cerastoderma edule) spat, Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK, vol.79, issue.2, pp.265-271, 1999.
DOI : 10.1017/S0025315498000290

A. M. Kuris and K. D. Lafferty, Community Structure: Larval Trematodes in Snail Hosts, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, vol.25, issue.1, pp.189-217, 1994.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.es.25.110194.001201

G. Lauckner, On the trematode fauna of the cocklesCardium edule andCardium lamarcki, Helgol??nder Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen, vol.91, issue.3-4, pp.377-400, 1971.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01611126

G. Lauckner, Disease of Mollusca: Bivalvia, Disease of Marine Animals, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, pp.477-961, 1983.

G. Lauckner, Impact of trematode parasitism on the fauna of a North Sea tidal flat, Helgol??nder Meeresuntersuchungen, vol.1, issue.1, pp.185-199, 1984.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01989303

L. Margolis, G. W. Esch, J. C. Holmes, A. M. Kuris, and G. A. Schad, The Use of Ecological Terms in Parasitology (Report of an Ad Hoc Committee of the American Society of Parasitologists), The Journal of Parasitology, vol.68, issue.1, pp.131-133, 1982.
DOI : 10.2307/3281335

K. N. Mouritsen, The <I>Hydrobia ulvae</I>???<I>Maritrema subdolum</I> association: influence of temperature, salinity, light, water-pressure and secondary host exudates on cercarial emergence and longevity, Journal of Helminthology, vol.76, issue.4, pp.341-347, 2002.
DOI : 10.1079/JOH2002136

K. N. Mouritsen and K. T. Jensen, Parasite transmission between soft-bottom invertebrates:temperature mediated infection rates and mortality in Corophium volutator, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.151, pp.123-134, 1997.
DOI : 10.3354/meps151123

T. T. Ngo and K. S. Choi, Seasonal changes of Perkinsus and Cercaria infections in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum from Jeju, Korea, Aquaculture, vol.239, issue.1-4, pp.57-68, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.06.026

C. Paillard, Etiologie et caractérisation de la maladie de l'anneau brun chez la palourde d'élevage, Ruditapes philippinarum, Thèse de Doctorat, 1992.

G. Lassalle, ) along a latitudinal gradient, Aquatic Living Resources, vol.20, issue.1, pp.33-42, 2007.
DOI : 10.1051/alr:2007013

C. Paillard, K. A. Ashton-alcox, and S. E. Ford, , affected by juvenile oyster disease, Aquatic Living Resources, vol.9, issue.2, pp.145-158, 1996.
DOI : 10.1051/alr:1996018

C. Paillard, S. Gausson, J. L. Nicolas, L. Pennec, J. P. Haras et al., Molecular identification of Vibrio tapetis, the causative agent of the brown ring disease of Ruditapes philippinarum, Aquaculture, vol.253, issue.1-4, pp.25-38, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.03.047

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00645768

C. Paillard and P. Maes, Brown ring disease in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum: establishment of a classification system, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.19, pp.137-146, 1994.
DOI : 10.3354/dao019137

C. Paillard and P. Maes, The Brown Ring Disease in the Manila Clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, vol.65, issue.2, pp.91-100, 1995.
DOI : 10.1006/jipa.1995.1015

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00645785

C. Paillard and P. Maes, The Brown Ring Disease in the Manila Clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, vol.65, issue.2, pp.91-100, 1995.
DOI : 10.1006/jipa.1995.1015

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00645785

C. Paillard, P. Maes, and R. Oubella, Brown ring disease in clams, Annual Review of Fish Diseases, vol.4, pp.219-240, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0959-8030(94)90030-2

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01056541

S. M. Ray, A Culture Technique for the Diagnosis of Infections with Dermocystidium marinum Mackin, Owen, and Collier in Oysters, Science, vol.116, issue.3014, pp.360-361, 1952.
DOI : 10.1126/science.116.3014.360

S. M. Ray, Biological studies of Dermocystidium Marinus, a fungus parasite of oysters, Rice Institute Pamphlet, vol.14, issue.114, 1954.

J. M. Rodríguez, S. López-romalde, R. Beaz, C. Alonso, M. Castro et al., Molecular fingerprinting of Vibrio tapetis strains using three PCR-based methods: ERIC-PCR, REP-PCR and RAPD, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.69, pp.175-183, 2006.
DOI : 10.3354/dao069175

J. M. Rodríguez, A. E. Toranzo, and J. L. Romalde, Development and optimization of a new PCR-based protocol for rapid diagnosis of Vibrio tapetis, the causative agent of brown ring disease in clams, Abstracts of XIth International Conference of the European Association of Fish Pathologists (EAFP), 2003.

D. Saulnier, J. C. Avarre, L. Moullac, G. Ansquer, D. Levy et al., Rapid and sensitive PCR detection of Vibrio penaeicida, the putative etiological agent of Syndrome 93 in New Caledonia, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.40, pp.109-115, 2000.
DOI : 10.3354/dao040109

A. W. Shostak and M. E. Scott, Detection of density-dependent growth and fecundity of helminths in natural infections, Parasitology, vol.96, issue.05, pp.527-539, 1993.
DOI : 10.1016/0035-9203(85)90087-2

W. P. Sousa, Interspecific Antagonism and Species Coexistence in a Diverse Guild of Larval Trematode Parasites, Ecological Monographs, vol.63, issue.2, pp.103-128, 1993.
DOI : 10.2307/2937176

D. W. Thieltges, M. Krakau, H. Andresen, S. Fottner, and K. Reise, Macroparasite community in molluscs of a tidal basin in the Wadden Sea, Helgoland Marine Research, vol.124, issue.4, pp.307-316, 2006.
DOI : 10.1007/s10152-006-0046-3

R. Touassem and A. Theron, Schistosoma rodhaini: dynamics and cercarial production for mono- and pluri-miracidial infections of Biomphalaria glabrata, Journal of Helminthology, vol.6, issue.02, pp.79-83, 1989.
DOI : 10.2307/3280427

A. Villalba, S. M. Casas, C. Lopez, and M. J. Carballal, Study of perkinsosis in the carpet shell clam Tapes decussatus in Galicia (NW Spain). II. Temporal pattern of disease dynamics and association with clam mortality, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.65, pp.257-267, 2005.
DOI : 10.3354/dao065257

A. Villalba, K. S. Reece, M. C. Ordás, S. M. Casas, and A. Figueras, Perkinsosis in molluscs: A review, Aquatic Living Resources, vol.17, issue.4, pp.411-432, 2004.
DOI : 10.1051/alr:2004050

A. M. Wegeberg, Digene trematoders (Echinostomatidae) infectionsokologi og effekt pa Cerastoderma edule, 1998.

A. M. Wegeberg, X. De-montaudouin, and K. T. Jensen, Effect of intermediate host size (Cerastoderma edule) on infectivity of cercariae of three Himasthla species (Echinostomatidae, Trematoda), Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, vol.238, issue.2, pp.259-269, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-0981(98)00177-4

B. Werding, Morphologie, Entwicklung und ???kologie digener Trematoden-Larven der StrandschneckeLittorina littorea, Marine Biology, vol.91, issue.3, pp.306-333, 1969.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00698861